The Difference Between Stair Steps And Landings - Building Code Education
Stair Step vs. Landing: Understanding the Difference and Building Code Requirements
While both stair steps and landings contribute to a functional and safe staircase, they serve distinct purposes and adhere to different building code regulations. This article clarifies the distinctions between these two components and explores various design considerations.
Stair Step (Tread)
Definition: The horizontal surface of a stair on which you place your foot.
Code Requirements:
Minimum Depth: Building codes specify a minimum tread depth (typically around 10 inches) to ensure adequate foot space.
Nosing: Many codes require a nosing (overhanging edge) for improved visibility and footing.
Slip Resistance: Treads must provide adequate slip resistance to prevent falls.
Design Variations:
Shape: Treads can be rectangular, tapered, or curved to accommodate different stair designs.
Material: Common materials include wood, concrete, stone, and metal.
Finish: Treads can be finished with paint, stain, carpet, or other materials to enhance aesthetics and safety.
Landing
Definition: A horizontal platform in a staircase that provides a resting point or a change in direction.
Code Requirements:
Minimum Size: Landings must meet minimum size requirements (typically 36 inches in the direction of travel) to allow for comfortable movement and maneuvering.
Placement: Landings are typically required at the top and bottom of stairs and at changes in direction.
Handrails: Landings may require handrails for added safety, especially if they serve as a transition point.
Types of Landings:
Floor Landing: A landing that is level with a floor.
Intermediate Landing: A landing between floors that serves as a resting point or changes the direction of the stairs.
Half Landing: A landing that changes the direction of the stairs by 180 degrees.
Quarter Landing: A landing that changes the direction of the stairs by 90 degrees.
Key Differences and Considerations
Purpose: Steps facilitate upward or downward movement, while landings provide a break and change in direction.
Size: Landings are significantly larger than steps to allow for comfortable movement and turning.
Code Requirements: Landings and steps have distinct code requirements regarding size, placement, and handrails.
Design Impact: Both landings and steps contribute to the overall aesthetics and functionality of a staircase.
